Milk is the first and most important nutritional ingredient for every baby and child, and it retains its nutritional value in the adult diet as well. It contains a balanced ratio of various substances such as protein, fat, carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins which are all essential for the proper development. Lactose is the principal carbohydrate (sugar) found in milk and dairy products. In the intestine, a special protein called lactase breaks it down to smaller parts (glucose and galactose) that can be absorbed by the human body through the intestinal mucosa and used as a cellular fuel. If for some reason the quantity of the lactase enzyme in the intestinal mucosa is decreased, a disorder called lactose intolerance develops.
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